Taƙaitaccen Bayani
Wannan takarda ta gabatar da hanyar rama sauyin zafin jiki don haɗa hasken LED na RGBW dangane da NSGA-II. Hanyar da aka gabatar na iya cimma rama sauyin CCT, Rf, da Rg na LED sakamakon zafin jiki ta hanyar hasashen SPD a yanayin zafi daban-daban.
Sakamako Mai Mahimmanci: The experimental results show that the fit of the established temperature-spectral model is R²>0.98, and the deviation of the compensated mixing results from the initial state of the light source is less than 10K in CCT; the deviation value of Rf is less than 4% in the range of 2000K-7000K, and less than 2.15% in the range of 3000K-7000K; and the deviation value of Rg in the range of 2000K-7000K is less than 4.46%.
Ma'auni na Ayyuka Masu Muhimmanci
Research Highlights
NSGA-II Based Temperature Compensation
The method uses fast non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to compensate for temperature-induced changes in LED color parameters, achieving high consistency in output across temperature variations.
Nazarin Binciken Bakan Gani
Ya kafa tsarin SPD-zazzabi na hasken LED na RGBW ta hanyar auna rabon ƙarfin bakan a yanayin zafi daban-daban, tare da ƙimar R² sama da 0.98 ga duk tsarin da aka dace.
Ingantaccen Maƙasudi Da Yawa
Yana zaɓi don karkatar CCT, amincin launi (Rf), da fihirisar gamut (Rg) tare da fifikon da aka ba da diyya CCT, sannan Rf da Rg.
Ingantaccen Diyya A Tsawon Kewayon Zazzabi
Hanyar tana kiyaye aikin daidaitacce a cikin kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi (20°C zuwa 90°C) da kewayon CCT (2000K zuwa 7000K), yana rage karkatacciyar sakamako da canjin zafin jiki ke haifarwa sosai.
Aiwatarwa Mai Amfani
Yana amfani da PWM duty cycle control don aiwatarwa mai amfani, tare da raba tsarin ramawa zuwa matakan ramawar ƙarfin launi da ramawar haske.
Red LED Mafi Yanayin Zafi
Binciken ya nuna red LED ya fi shan tasiri daga zafin jiki, tare da madaidaicin darajar a 90°C yana raguwa fiye da 60% idan aka kwatanta da 20°C, yayin da blue da green LEDs suka nuna raguwar 20% da 22% bi da bi.
Bayani na Abinda ke ciki
Abubuwan da ke cikin Takarda
1. Gabatarwa
Yayin da fashatin haske ke ci gaba, mutane ba su gamsu da amfani da LED masu launi guda ɗaya don hasken haske ba. Yawancin mutane yanzu sun fi son amfani da hanyoyin hasken LED masu daidaitawa. Zaɓuɓɓukan haske daban-daban na iya haifar da mafi kyawun yanayi na aiki da rayuwa. Hasken da ya dace zai iya ƙara yawan aikin mutane kuma ya haifar da hutawa mafi kyau.
Idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin haske na gargajiya, hanyoyin hasken LED suna da fa'idodi kamar ƙaramin girma, ƙarancin kuzari da tsawon rai. Duk da haka, zafin jiki abu ne mai mahimmanci wanda ke shafar ingancin hanyoyin haske. Dumama ciki da yanayi mai tsananin waje na iya haifar da canje-canjen yanayin aiki na LEDs, wanda ke haifar da ɓarna sigogi da kuma shafar kwanciyar hankali da aikin hanyoyin haske.
Zuwan da LED fitilun haske mai daidaita yanayin launi (CCT) yana ba da yuwuwar mafita ga matsalar raguwar ingancin fitowar haske saboda tasirin zafi. A halin yanzu, bincike kan LED fitilun haske masu daidaita CCT gabaɗaya ya kasu kashi uku:
- Yin amfani da LED fitilun haske biyu masu bambancin CCT
- Yin amfani da LED fitilun haske masu launi ɗaya da yawa
- Yin amfani da haɗin LEDs masu launi guda ɗaya da farar LEDs
Wannan takarda ta mayar da hankali kan bincika mafi kyawun aikin hasken RGBW LEDs da nufin rage ko ma kawar da bambance-bambancen hasken LED da ke haifar da zafi na LEDs da kansu ko ta tasirin zafi na waje.
2. Bayanin Gwaji
2.1 Ka'idar Haɗa Hasken Launuka Da Yawa da Kimanta Hasken
Launin hasken da ikonsa na daidaitaccen maimaita launukan abubuwan da aka haskaka ya dogara da rarraba ƙarfin bakan hasken. Rarraba ƙarfin bakan haɗin fitilun launuka da yawa shine jimlar layi na rarraba ƙarfin bakan su na ɗaya:
SRGBW = Kr * Sr + Kg * Sg + Kb * Sb + Kw * Sw
Ana haske LED farin yawanci ana siffanta shi ta fuskar zafin launi. Zafin launi ana bayyana shi a matsayin zafin da baƙar fata ke fitar da haske wanda ya dace da launin tushen hasken.
Ikonsa na hasken wanda zai iya sake fitar da launukan abubuwa da aka haskaka daidai, yawanci ana kimanta shi ta amfani da ma'aunin da aka daidaita wanda ake kira CIE (International Commission on Illumination) Color Rendering Index (CRI). Duk da haka, yayin da bincike kan hanyoyin haske ya ci gaba, an gano cewa CRI yana da wasu iyakoki wajen kimanta wasu launuka. Don haka, wannan binciken yana amfani da Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) Color Fidelity Index (Rf) da Gamut Index (Rg) a matsayin ma'auni na aikin hasken wuta.
Indeksin Amincewar Launi da Indeksin Gamut suna amfani da samfuran launi 99, wanda ya fi cikakkiyar ma'aunin CRI na yau da kullun, wanda yawanci ke amfani da samfuran launi 15, yana ba da damar tantance ingantaccen aikin hasken wuta.
Lissafin Rf ya dogara ne akan nisan Euclidean a cikin sararin launi na J'a'b' a matsayin daidaitaccen dabarar bambancin launi a cikin CAM02-UCS:
ΔElab,i = √((ft,i - fr,i)2 + (at,i - ar,i)2 + (bt,i - br,i)2)
Rg is a measure of chroma which is the ratio of the area of the polygon formed by the average coordinate in each hue angle box to the area of the polygon formed by the reference illuminant:
Rg = 100 * At / Ar
Don yin gane hasasawa sakamakon hasken gauraye, ana amfani da tsarin maki don ƙididdige sakamakon:
S = 100 - cct/10 - 2 * (100 - Rf) - |100 - Rg|
2.2 Kafa Samfurin Zafin Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken LED
Saboda halayen asali na LEDs, rarraba ƙarfin haske (SPD) ɗin su yana canzawa tare da zafin jiki. Gabaɗaya, ga RGB LEDs, madaidaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa yana fuskantar jajayen motsi, kuma madaidaicin ƙimomin suna raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa.
Binciken ya gwada rarraba ƙarfin haske na R, G, B, da W LEDs a tazarar 10°C daga 20°C zuwa 90°C. LED ja ya fi shan tasiri daga zafin jiki, tare da madaidaicin ƙimarsa a 90°C yana raguwa da fiye da 60% idan aka kwatanta da madaidaicin ƙimar a 20°C, kuma yana nuna alamar jajayen motsi. Blue da Green LEDs ba su da tasiri idan aka kwatanta da LED ja, amma madaidaicin ƙimomin su ma sun sami raguwar kashi 20% da 22%, bi da bi.
Don ƙirƙirar samfurin lissafi ga SPD na kowane LED, ana amfani da samfurin Gaussian don fitilun LED masu launi guda ɗaya, tare da sigogi da za a ƙayyade: ƙimar kololuwa, tsayin raƙuman kololuwa, da cikakken faɗi a rabin matsakaici (FWHM). Fitilun LED farin yawanci suna da kololuwa biyu, don haka ana amfani da samfurin Gaussian biyu don kwatanta su.
Bayan kafa samfurin, ana iya wakiltar SPD na hanyoyin hasken LED ta hanyar sigogi guda uku: ƙimar kololuwa, tsayin raƙuman kololuwa, da cikakken faɗi a rabin matsakaici (FWHM). Ta hanyar daidaita waɗannan sigogi a yanayin zafi daban-daban, ana samun alaƙar da ke tsakanin SPD da zafin jiki.
Tabbatar da ingancin tsarin ya nuna cewa sakamakon lissafi ta amfani da tsarin ya yi daidai da rarraba ikon bakan na ainihi, tare da R² ya fi 0.98.
3. Results and Discussion
3.1 Effect of Temperature on Light Mixing Results
Manufar LED temperature compensation shine ya zama don kiyaye fitilar haske a matsayin kafaffen gwargwado a cikin kewayon zafin jiki da aka yi niyya. Da farko, ana samun sakamakon hada haske na tushen hasken LED RGBW a 20°C a matsayin yanayin farko.
Yayin da zafin jiki ke karuwa, amfani da LED a kan lokaci kai tsaye don hada haske ba tare da temperature compensation ba zai iya haifar da babban bambance-bambance. Babbar matsalar da hauhawar zafin jiki ta haifar ita ce hauhawar color temperature na tushen haske, kuma ayyukan Rg da Rf sun fi kadan a mafi yawan color temperatures.
RGBW LED Mixing Results at 20°C
| CCT (K) | Rf | Rg | Red | Kore | Shudi | Fari |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dubu ɗari biyu | Talatin da huɗu da casa'in da shida | 170.06 | 0.3809 | 0.0129 | 0 | 0.6061 |
| 3000 | 74.55 | 107.11 | 0.1458 | 0.0745 | 0 | 0.7796 |
| 4000 | 87.05 | 105.67 | 0.0907 | 0.1412 | 0.0358 | 0.7320 |
| 5000 | Casain ɗari ta'in da ɗari shida | Dari da biyar da goma sha huɗu | 0.0476 | 0.1466 | 0.0839 | 0.7218 |
| 6000 | 92.59 | 102.26 | 0.0512 | 0.2541 | 0.0834 | 0.6112 |
| 7000 | 90.49 | 100.00 | 0.0787 | 0.3309 | 0.0975 | 0.4927 |
A 55°C idan aka kwatanta da 20°C, matsakaicin karkatacciyar CCT = 2000K, ƙimar karkatarwa ita ce 333K, matsakaicin karkatacciyar Rf = 15.95, matsakaicin karkatacciyar Rg = 34.5. A 85°C idan aka kwatanta da 20°C, matsakaicin karkatacciyar CCT = 6500K, matsakaicin karkatacciyar Rf = 31.94, kuma matsakaicin karkatacciyar Rg = 53.7.
3.2 Temperature Compensation of the LED Light Source
Aikin bayar kudi ya kasu kashi biyu: kudi na ƙarfin launi da kuma kudin haske. Na farko, don kiyaye daidaiton launin fitarwar haske gwargwadon yiwuwa, sakamakon kudin zafin jiki ya kamata ya kusan kusan yanayin farko na sakamakon gaurayawan haske.
Non-dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) ana amfani dashi don ingantawa da yawa. Manufar ita ce inganta karkata, Rf da Rg tsakanin gaurayawan zafin launi da kuma manufar zafin launi ta hanyar sarrafa kowane LED na launi ta hanyar canza PWM duty cycle.
An saita sigogin algorithm kamar haka: girman yawan jama'a na farko M=30, ƙarshen tsararraki na juyin halitta G=300, yuwuwar ketare Pc=0.8, yuwuwar maye Pm=0.1.
Ana saita fifikon maƙasudin inganta a matsayin: ramawar karkacewar CCT da farko, sannan ramawar Rf kuma a ƙarshe ramawar Rg. Ƙarƙashin wannan maƙasudin, karkacewar zafin launi na hasken daga maƙasudin zafin launi yawanci yana cikin 10K.
Rf kuma na iya zama kusa da aikin, tare da ƙimar karkacewa duk kasa da 3. A 55°C, karkacewar Rf a cikin tazara na 2000K-7000K ya kasa 4%, kuma karkacewar Rf a cikin tazara na 3000K-7000K ya kasa 2.15%. A 85°C, karkacewar Rf ya kasa 6% a cikin tazara na 2000K-7000K kuma ya kasa 2.21% a cikin tazara na 3000K-7000K.
Rg yana da ƙaramin fifikon ramuwa kuma yana da ɗan ƙara karkata fiye da CCT da Rf, amma kimar karkatattun kuma yawanci bai wuce 5 ba. Rg karkataccen bai wuce 4% a 55°C kuma bai wuce 4.46% a 85°C ba.
Bayan an kammala ramuwar launi, ana yin ramuwar haske don sa ƙarfin hasken tushen haske ya yi daidai da wanda kafin ramuwar launi.
4. Conclusion
Multi-color LED mixed lighting represents a future trend in the lighting industry. Based on lighting effect, control difficulty and cost considerations, the most common multi-color LED mixed lighting solutions on the market are two-color temperature as well as RGBW.
Due to the characteristics of the LED itself, the LED spectral power distribution of different colors will produce different degrees of change when the temperature rises. This research models the LED spectral power distribution-temperature relationship, and uses the NSGA-II algorithm to compensate the spectral temperature of RGBW LEDs based on the spectral superposition theorem, with the goal of making the light output effect of LEDs at different temperatures consistent.
Farkon na fito haske mai amfani da kowane ma'auni na fitar da haske shine fara zafin launi, Rf na biyu, da Rg na ƙarshe. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa a cikin zaɓaɓɓun rukunin hanyoyin haske, karkataccen CCT ya kasance ƙasa da 10K; ƙimar karkatar Rf a cikin kewayon 2000K-7000K ya kasance ƙasa da 4%, kewayon 3000K-7000K ya kasance ƙasa da 2.15%; ƙimar karkatar Rg a cikin kewayon 2000K-7000K ya kasance ƙasa da 4.46%.
Don nau'ikan yanayin aikace-aikace daban-daban, ana iya sarrafa fifikon ramuwa daban-daban don cimma sakamakon hasken da ake so.
Nassosi
Cikakken jerin bayanan kara yana samuwa a cikin takardar PDF. Muhimman bayanan sun haɗa da ayyukan tasirin zafin LED, ma'aunin ƙirar launi, haɗakar LED masu launi iri-iri, da aikace-aikacen algorithm na kwayoyin halitta a cikin matsalolin ingantawa.
Lura: Wannan ta ƙunshi taƙaitaccen bayanin takardar bincike. Cikakken takardar yana ɗauke da cikakkun bayanai na gwaji, ƙirar lissafi, hotuna, da cikakken bincike. Muna ba da shawarar saukar da cikakken fayil ɗin PDF don karatu mai zurfi.