Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
Haɓaka Aiki
42%
Mafi kyau fiye da hanyoyin al'ada a ƙarƙashin hasken garke
Ayyukan Matrix
n-diagonal
An yi amfani da matrices diagonal da yawa don gyaran sarari
Daidaiton Launi
96%
Yayi daidai da daidaitawar fari ta al'ada a ƙarƙashin hasken guda ɗaya
1. Gabatarwa
Hanyoyin daidaitawar fari na al'ada suna fuskantar manyan iyakoki lokacin ma'amala da rikitattun yanayi na haske. Yayin da hanyoyin al'ada suke aiki da kyau sosai a ƙarƙashin yanayin hasken guda ɗaya, sai suka kasa sosai idan sun fuskanci yanayin haske garke ko naɗaɗɗe. Matsalar tushe tana cikin zaton su na daidaitaccen haske a ko'ina cikin hoton - zaton da da wuya ya tabbata a ainihin aikin ɗaukar hoto da aikace-aikacen hangen nesa na kwamfuta.
Hankali na Asali: Wannan takarda ta kai hari mai zurfi kan ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin da suka daɗe a hangen nesa na kwamfuta - daidaiton launi a ƙarƙashin haske mai sarƙaƙiya. Marubutan ba kawai suna gyara hanyoyin da suke akwai ba; suna sake tunanin yadda muke tunkarar hasken sararin samaniya ta hanyar amfani da matrices diagonal da yawa maimakon yaƙar matsalolin ƙarancin matsayi waɗanda ke addabar hanyoyin daidaita launuka da yawa.
2. Ayyukan Da suka Danganta
2.1 Daidaitawar Fari
Daidaitawar fari ta al'ada tana aiki bisa ka'idar matrices canjin diagonal. Tsarin daidaitaccen tsari yana amfani da:
$P_{WB} = M_{WB} P_{XYZ}$
inda aka lissafta $M_{WB}$ kamar haka:
$M_{WB} = M_A^{-1} \begin{pmatrix} \rho_D/\rho_S & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & \gamma_D/\gamma_S & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \beta_D/\beta_S \end{pmatrix} M_A$
Kwararar Hankali: Ci gaban tarihi daga daidaitawar fari na hasken guda ɗaya zuwa hanyoyin launuka da yawa yana nuna wani muhimmin tsari - yayin da hanyoyin suka zama masu ƙwarewa, suna fuskantar ƙayyadaddun lissafi waɗanda ke iyakance aikace-aikacensu na ainihi. Matsalar ƙarancin matsayi a cikin daidaita launuka da yawa ba kawai bayanin kula na fasaha ba ne; shine babban shamaki wanda masu bincike na baya suka kasa shawo kansa.
2.2 Daidaitawar Launi Da Yawa
Hanyoyin launuka da yawa suna ƙoƙarin faɗaɗa fiye da daidaitawar fari ta amfani da launuka masu ma'ana da yawa. Duk da haka, waɗannan hanyoyin suna fuskantar manyan ƙalubale a zaɓin launi da daidaiton ƙima. Lokacin ma'amala da wuraren fari masu bambanta a sarari, waɗannan hanyoyin sau da yawa suna fuskantar matsalolin ƙarancin matsayi tunda launukan suna da iri ɗaya, suna sa matrix canjin ya zama mara kyau.
3. Hanyar Da Aka Tsara
3.1 Tsarin Lissafi
Hanyar daidaitawar fari ta sararin samaniya da aka tsara tana amfani da matrices diagonal n waɗanda aka ƙera daga kowane wurin fari mai bambanta a sarari. Babban ƙirƙira yana cikin guje wa matsalar ƙarancin matsayi wacce ke addabar hanyoyin matrix marasa diagonal a cikin daidaita launuka da yawa.
An ba da canjin kowane yanki na sarari i kamar haka:
$P_{SVWB}^{(i)} = M_{SVWB}^{(i)} P_{XYZ}$
inda kowane $M_{SVWB}^{(i)}$ yana kiyaye siffar diagonal, yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na lamba yayin ɗaukar bambance-bambancen sarari.
3.2 Cikakkun Bayanai na Aiwatarwa
Hanyar tana amfani da haɗe-haɗe masu nauyi na matrices diagonal da yawa, inda ake ƙayyade ma'auni bisa kusancin sarari da halayen launi. Wannan hanyar tana kiyaye ingantaccen lissafi na canje-canjen diagonal yayin samun sassauƙan da ake buƙata don rikitattun yanayi na haske.
Ƙarfi & Kurakurai: Kyawun amfani da matrices diagonal da yawa ba za a iya musantawa ba - yana kawar da rashin kwanciyar hankali na lamba na hanyoyin da suka gabata yayin kiyaye ingantaccen lissafi. Duk da haka, dogaron hanyar akan daidaitaccen ƙimar wurin fari a cikin yankuna na sarari zai iya zama ƙafar Achilles a cikin yanayi mara haske ko babban amo inda irin wannan ƙimar ke zama ƙalubale.
4. Sakamakon Gwaji
4.1 Aikin Hasken Guda Daya
A ƙarƙashin yanayin hasken guda ɗaya, hanyar da aka tsara tana nuna aiki kusan kama da daidaitawar fari ta al'ada, tana kusan kai daidaiton launi kusan 96%. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa hanyar ba ta yi sadaukarwar aiki a cikin sauƙaƙan yanayi don samun dama a cikin rikitarwa ba.
4.2 Aikin Hasken Garke
A cikin yanayin hasken garke, hanyar da aka tsara ta fi hanyoyin al'ada da 42% a cikin ma'auni na daidaiton launi. Gudanar da bambancin sarari ya tabbatar da inganci musamman lokacin da hanyoyin haske da yawa tare da yanayin zafi daban-daban suka shafi yankunan hoto daban-daban.
4.3 Aikin Hasken Naɗaɗɗe
Don yanayi na haske mara daidaituwa, kamar hasken gradient ko tasirin hasken wuta, hanyar tana nuna ƙarfin aiki inda daidaitawar fari ta al'ada ta kasa gaba ɗaya. Hanyar matrix da yawa ta yi nasarar daidaitawa ga canje-canjen gradwal a cikin halayen haske a ko'ina cikin hoton.
Zanen Kwatancen Aiki
Sakamakon gwaji ya nuna a fili matakan aiki guda uku:
- Hasken Guda Daya: Hanyar da aka tsara = WB ta Al'ada (daidaito 96%)
- Hasken Garke: Hanyar da aka tsara > Hanyoyin Al'ada (+42%)
- Hasken Naɗaɗɗe: Hanyar da aka tsara >> Hanyoyin Al'ada
5. Tsarin Bincike
Nazarin Shari'a: Daukar Hoto na Kayan Tarihi na Gidan Kayan Tarihi
Yi la'akari da ɗaukar hoto na kayan tarihi a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya tare da hasken garke - tungsten spots, hasken wuta na muhalli, da hasken halitta daga tagogi. Daidaitawar fari ta al'ada za ta iya ko dai:
- Zaɓi hasken guda ɗaya kuma ƙirƙiri simintin launi a wasu yankuna
- Matsakaicin duk hasken kuma cimma matsakaicin sakamako a ko'ina
Hanyar da aka tsara tana ƙirƙira taswirorin haske waɗanda ke gano wuraren fari daban-daban a sarari, sannan suyi amfani da matrices diagonal masu dacewa ga kowane yanki tare da sassauƙar canje-canje tsakanin yankuna.
Tsarin Aiwarwa:
1. Gano bambance-bambancen wurin fari na sarari a cikin hoto
2. Tattara irin wuraren fari zuwa yankuna n
3. Lissafta mafi kyawun matrix diagonal ga kowane yanki
4. Aiwatar da haɗin matrix mai nauyi tare da sassauƙa na sarari
5. Fitar da hoto mai daidaitaccen launi a cikin duk hasken
6. Ayyuka na Gaba
Hanyar daidaitawar fari ta sararin samaniya tana da muhimman tasiri a fagage da yawa:
Daukar Hoto na Lissafi: Kyamarorin wayar hannu na zamani na gaba za su iya amfani da wannan dabarar don mafi girman daidaitawar fari ta atomatik a cikin haske mai sarƙaƙiya, kamar yadda Yanayin Dare ya kawo juyin juya hali ga ɗaukar hoto mara haske. Hanyar ta yi daidai da yanayin ɗaukar hoto na lissafi wanda Google's HDR+ da Apple's Smart HDR suka misalta.
Motocin Cin gashin kansu: Daidaiton launi na ainihin lokaci a ƙarƙashin hasken titi daban-daban, ramuka, da yanayin yanayi yana da mahimmanci ga ingantaccen gane abu. Wannan hanyar za ta iya haɓaka ƙarfin tsarin fahimta waɗanda a halin yanzu ke fama da canje-canjen haske.
Hoton Magani: Haifar da launi mai daidaito a ƙarƙashin hasken tiyata garke zai iya inganta daidaiton binciken taimakon kwamfuta da tsarin tiyata na mutum-mutumi.
Cinayyar E-commerce da AR: Gwaji na zamani da kallon samfura suna buƙatar ingantaccen wakilcin launi a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban wanda wannan fasaha zai iya bayarwa.
Hankali Mai Aiki: Ga masu aiwatarwa, abin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne cewa matrices diagonal ba kawai suke da sauƙin lissafi ba - sun fi ƙarfi ga aikace-aikacen duniya na ainihi. Girman hanyar zuwa ƙimar n daban-daban yana nufin masu aiki za su iya daidaita daidaito da farashin lissafi bisa takamaiman buƙatunsu. Wannan ba kawai aikin ilimi ba ne; magani ne mai amfani wanda aka shirya don haɗawa cikin hanyoyin samarwa.
7. Nassoshi
- Akazawa, T., Kinoshita, Y., & Kiya, H. (2021). Spatially varying white balancing for mixed and non-uniform illuminants. arXiv:2109.01350v1
- Gijsenij, A., Gevers, T., & van de Weijer, J. (2011). Computational Color Constancy: Survey and Experiments. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
- Brainard, D. H., & Freeman, W. T. (1997). Bayesian color constancy. Journal of the Optical Society of America
- Zhu, J. Y., Park, T., Isola, P., & Efros, A. A. (2017). Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation using Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks. ICCV (CycleGAN)
- International Commission on Illumination (CIE). (2004). Colorimetry Technical Report
- Ebner, M. (2007). Color Constancy. John Wiley & Sons
- Barnard, K., Martin, L., Funt, B., & Coath, A. (2002). A data set for color research. Color Research & Application
Binciken Kwararre: Bayan Matrices Diagonal
Wannan takarda tana wakiltar wani muhimmin ci gaba a cikin daidaiton launi na lissafi, amma yana da mahimmanci a fahimci matsayinta a cikin faffadan yanayin bincike. Hankalin marubutan cewa matrices diagonal da yawa za su iya warware matsalar ƙarancin matsayi yayin kiyaye ingantaccen lissafi yana da wayo da gaske. Duk da haka, yayin da muke kallon gaba, dole ne mu yi la'akari da yadda wannan hanyar ta haɗu da hanyoyin koyon zurfi waɗanda suka mamaye binciken hangen nesa na baya-bayan nan.
Aikin hanyar a ƙarƙashin hasken garke (haɓaka 42% akan hanyoyin al'ada) yana da ban sha'awa, amma ya kamata a lura cewa hanyoyin tushen koyon zurfi kamar waɗanda ke cikin CycleGAN (Zhu et al., 2017) sun nuna iyawa mai ban mamaki a cikin ayyukan daidaita yanki. Tambayar ta zama: yaushe ne ya kamata mu yi amfani da hanyoyin al'ada masu kyau na lissafi da hanyoyin koyon zurfi masu ƙoshin bayanai? Wannan takarda ta ba da hujja mai ƙarfi ga na farko a cikin yanayin da ingantaccen lissafi da fassarar suka dace.
Abin da ke da ban sha'awa musamman shine yadda wannan binciken ya yi daidai da yanayin ɗaukar hoto na lissafi. Kyamarorin wayoyin hannu na zamani sun riga sun yi amfani da hanyoyin kama da sarrafa su da yawa don magance rikitattun yanayi na haske. Hanyar bambanta ta sarari da aka kwatanta anan za a iya haɗa su cikin waɗannan bututun kamar yadda sarrafa HDR+ ya kawo juyin juya hali ga ɗaukar hoto na wayar hannu. Binciken Google game da ɗaukar hoto na lissafi, musamman aikinsu akan rufi da haɗuwa, yana nuna irin wannan hanyoyin falsafa don sarrafa bayanan gani masu sarƙaƙiya.
Tushen lissafi yana da ƙarfi - canje-canjen diagonal suna da kaddarorin da aka fahimta sosai kuma guje wa matsalolin ƙarancin matsayi fa'ida ce mai mahimmanci ta ainihi. Duk da haka, dogaron hanyar akan daidaitaccen ƙimar wurin fari a cikin yankuna na sarari yana nuna cewa aikin gaba zai iya mayar da hankali kan ingantattun dabarun ƙima, watakila aro daga duniyar koyon zurfi ba tare da cika rungumar hanyoyin baƙar fata ba.
Daga mahangar aiwatarwa, girman zaɓin matrices n yana ba da sassauƙa mai amfani, amma kuma yana shigar da sarƙaƙiya a cikin daidaita sigogi. Wannan yana tunawa da matsalar zaɓin adadin gungu a cikin koyon da ba a kulba ba - matrices kaɗan kuma ka rasa daidaiton sarari, da yawa kuma kana haɗarin wuce gona da iri da nauyin lissafi.
Duba fa'idodin faffadan, wannan binciken ya nuna cewa wani lokaci mafi kyawun mafita suna zuwa daga bincika ƙayyadaddun lissafi na matsala a hankali maimakon jefa rikitattun samfura a kai. A cikin wannan zamani da koyon zurfi ya mamaye, yana da daɗi ganin hangen nesa na al'ada yana ba da haɓaka mai yawa.